Did the 'river monster' Spinosaurus hunt like a stork? This stone has a mysterious past beyond British coronations, Ultimate Italy: 14 ways to see the country in a new light, 6 unforgettable Italy hotels, from Lake Como to Rome, A taste of Rioja, from crispy croquettas to piquillo peppers, Trek through this stunning European wilderness, Land of the lemurs: the race to save Madagascar's sacred forests. A team of paleontologists used CT scans and tissue samples to uncover blood pathogens in an infected titanosaur. In calcified cartilage, the cells become trapped and isolated in their matrix and are more likely to be preserved in a sealed micro-environment.. Privacy Statement Axolotls and capybaras are TikTok famousis that a problem? Dry bones stick better than wet ones, and small bones work better than big ones, whose canals often get filled in with sediment. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. The femur found this week is expected to weigh about the same when it is finally removed, a job which will probably take a good week and involve a crane. I dont even know what to do. This amazing fossil was found along the banks of the Paluxy River, famous for its dinosaur and human tracks. This is because they hadn't yet diversified into the many famous species we recognise today. Triceratops' had a beak-shaped mouth to cut plants and many teeth in their inner jaws for grinding. First, one must understand that fossils are rare, relatively speaking. Does the discovery mean we can sequence dino DNA? The Institute for Creation Research views science through the lens of Gods Word, communicating the many ways that scientific evidence affirms ICR President Emeritus John Morris passed away on January 29, 2023, at the age of 76. While visiting Montana doesnt guarantee youll find dinosaur bones, it offers plenty of opportunities to try. added). Get the latest Science stories in your inbox. Climate change, pandemic One of the more fascinating animals in Gods creation is the ubiquitous and strange jellyfish. In the late 19th century, a man could purchase a window seat on a train, have the conductor stop close to a herd of American bison, and pull out his rifle and fire upon the herd until he ran out of ammunition. Cookie Policy The likelihood that the oil drill would hit a dinosaur bone was extremely small. Consider also the living fossil known as the coelacanth. Although microfossils can be plants or animals, this time they were parasites. Powell, James Lawrence (1998), Night Comes to the Cretaceous (New York: Harcourt Brace). Evolutionists firmly believed that the coelacanth became extinct about 70 million years ago [about the same time dinosaurs died outEL] because their fossils are not found in any deposits higher than this (Hodge, 2006, p. 183). More than 70 million years ago in what's now Montana, the plant-eating hadrosaur Hypacrosaurus stebingeri roamed. This means that any remains of these early dinosaurs are potentially important for research. A new study of H. stebingeri nestlings has found fossils of dividing cells, nuclei, and chromosomesas well as tantalizing hints of preserved DNA. Scientists have spotted cellular structuresand a substance that behaves like DNAin cartilage more than 70 million years old. This foot-thick, five- or six-foot-long femurs imply a head-to-tail length for their owners of well . As elite Americans had to find new wa." Jermaine on Instagram: "Dinosaurs are an invention that was started after slavery. Finally, by creating thin sections of . Humans have discovered quite a lot of dinosaur bones in China, Argentina, and North Americaespecially in Utah, Wyoming, Colorado and . Jill Langlois These creatures were known only from rock layers that evolutionists claimed were 70+ million years old. Who buys lion bones? Scientists also caution that if DNA is present within the dinosaur cells, its probably in tiny fragments, chemically altered, and tangled up with what was once protein. ; see also Dodson, 1990, 87:7608; Lewin, 1990). Because their flesh and bones were scavenged by insects, worms, birds, and other animals. The discovery was exceptional; it was indeed the first time fossilized parasites had been found in a dinosaur bone. Indeed, there is a mountain of biblical, historical, and physical evidence which indicates that dinosaurs and humans once walked this Earth at the same time. We need to call in more people.. While the stains provide only a minimum length, fragments that short probably wouldnt be useful for sequencing DNA. They are members of the subphylum Medusozoa, Is Adam a Myth? Can we prove that Dodo birds and humans once lived together by observing their fossilized remains together in a particular layer of rock? The fact is, in most cases, living things do not fossilize. Two metres (6.6ft) long, the femur found at . Were not doing the Jurassic Park thing, Bailleul says. Pulling away the rock and exposing a sizable dinosaur bone, an animal thats been hidden from view for some 72 million years, was probably the most exciting thing thats ever happened to me on a field trip. We will not share your personal details with these third parties. 4d ago 34 mins. Think about it: we have just as much fossil evidence for humans living the past 70 million years on Earth as we do coelacanths and Gingkos. Thus, it would seem that if dinosaurs and humans really did live as contemporaries at one time, as creationists contend, human fossils would have been found alongside, near, or in the same strata as dinosaur fossils. In 2017, a large dinosaur was discovered washed out to sea, This is one of the best-preserved dinosaurs in the world, Caleb Brown, a paleontologist at Royal Tyrrell Museum, told. When that fern paper came out, I was like, Wow, okay, were not crazy, Bailleul says. Most readers would rather avoid the topic of mucous. There are many indications that they lived together in herds. Q17: Hettwer found human remains in the desert by chance. (Many three-dimension fossils are found near by.) Though the small creature discovered in the dinosaur's stomach was a mammal, it was not a human ancestor, David Hone, a paleontologist at the Queen Mary University of London in England, says in . This fossil has been carefully analyzed, x-rayed, CT . For billions of years, DNA has served as lifes information molecule, containing instructions for how and when to build the proteins of living organisms. Here he is with a model of the plateosaurus. Because you have fresh eyesand the more eyes looking, the better, explains Matthew. The study, published last week in National Science Review, takes a close look at two juvenile skull bones from the hadrosaur Hypacrosaurus stebingeri, a plant-eating dinosaur that lived in whats now Montana about 75 million years ago. The bodys mechanisms of defense are still not 100 percent understood, says Marcus Vincius Guimares de Lacerda, an infectologist at the Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation who was not involved in the research. The remains of what could be the largest dinosaur ever found in Europe have been uncovered in a back garden in Portugal. The fossil was found in Hell Creek Formation, and area with sandstone and clay deposits that is especially known for its richness of dinosaur fossils. For example, evolutionists believe Gingko trees were thriving 240 million years ago, before dinosaurs allegedly evolved (see Krock, 2003). Due to the number of drawings of our alleged human ancestors that appear in the news on a regular basis, one might get the feeling that hominoid and human fossils are ubiquitous. In Montana, many of these bone fragments tumble down from exposed vertical layers, while wintertime freezing (which breaks bones apart) will erupt bones out of a hillside. Reminder: Saturns Rings Are Ephemeraland Young. Yet only a few years later, bones from the great elk kill are scarce. When immersed in propidium iodide, which is used to stain DNA in living cells, small condensed dots within isolated Hypacrosaurus cells fluoresce (right), which suggests the presence of a substance that behaves like DNA. And, of all those things that do fossilize, it appears that less than 1% are vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, or mammals) [see Snelling, 1991, p. 30]. What we can learn from Chernobyl's strays. It may be that dinosaur and human fossils are never found together. But Aureliano prepared thin slices of the fossilized bone to allow for a more detailed study of the infection, which still affects animals and humans today. Oil and gas explorations have found sedimentary deposits so massive and so far offshore that secular science has no satisfactory explanation for their occurrence.1 Marine rock exposures have also revealed numerous land fossils washed great distances out to sea.2,3 Drilling off the coast of Norway has even pulled up a core containing . The Rocky Mountains were also about twice as high as they are now, eroding away into the sea. Apologetics Press is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization dedicated to the defense of New Testament Christianity. It could have evolved before the theropods and the large herbivorous sauropodssplit. The history of book bansand their changing targetsin the U.S. Should you get tested for a BRCA gene mutation? In 1676, a fossil femur of a Megalosaurus was discovered, which at the time was thought to be the bone of a giant. The odds that a single one will be preserved so that it can be found 65 million years from now approach zero. Meyer, Pedro (2002), Does the Original Matter? WashingtonPost.com, http://media.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/photo/essays/zonezero/jan_02.htm. Lick one of the ends with holes, wetting it with saliva, then press it into your finger, hold it firm, and count to ten. Why does it matter? It may be that dinosaur and human fossils are never found together. Stuff You Missed in History Class. With the image, the researchers were able to diagnose the mystery lesions not as cancer, but as osteomyelitis. Lick one of the ends with holes, wetting it with saliva, then press it into your finger, hold it firm, and count to . Roar is the only original dinosaur skull in Norway, meaning that it is not a cast model. But within these rocks was something else: a nearly complete skull, jaw and some of the spine of a different type of dinosaur, one that had unusually large eyes and curved prominent teeth at the front of its jaw. Think about it. The circular structures looked like cells, and Bailleul noticed that many of them had smaller, darker spots within them, resembling nuclei. We will never know whether the two individuals were in fight most probably Tyrannosaurus preferred smaller prey. Scientists in south-western France have uncovered a giant dinosaur thigh bone at an excavation site that has been yielding fossils for nearly a decade. They hope continuing to work together will lead to results that show their research can help with the advancement of other areas, like medicine, too. Despite cartilages protection, the chemical stains might not be binding to unaltered DNA in the fossils. Paleontologists are detectives, working every day to solve a mystery. A long, long time ago (80 million years, give or take), most of Montana was underwater, forming part of the great Western Interior Seaway. They were thought responsible for human . Sciencenorway.no has talked to the geologist Reidar Mller from the University of Oslo. I've added Google maps so you can search posts by location A new discovery raises a mystery. They soon realised that it must belong to a dinosaur of the type plateosaurus. Supposedly, coelacanths had existed for nearly 400 million years (Diver Finds). But one thing the team has yet to figure out is whether the parasites caused the osteomyelitis, or whether the infection created an ideal environment that allowed the parasites to take advantage of the dinosaur, enter its bones and thrive. The first animals were likely small, and lightly built, meaning that their remains were not often preserved. 0562 Is climate change killing Australian wine? The slides with these little bits of dinosaur skull sat in obscurity for over two decades at the Museum of the Rockies until Bailleulthen a Ph.D. student at the museumpulled them out in 2010 to study the small joints and sutures that hold the skulls together. As far as the researchers can tell, whatever the stains are binding to derived from the dinosaurs original molecules not an outside contaminant such as bacteria. Read about our approach to external linking. Due to the gruesome nature of the injuries, the team nicknamed the creature Zombie Dino.. During the excavation scratch marks were found on Roar, and also a Tyrannosaurus tooth was uncovered at the site. But, normally, carcasses do not find themselves in such environments. The paleontologists published their findings in Cretaceous Research in October . Thats why Ghilardi and Aureliano turned to colleagues at the University of So Paulos School of Medicine for help. Jill Langlois is an independent journalist based in So Paulo, Brazil. In 2004, David Begun concluded an article in Science titled The Earliest HomininsIs Less More? by admitting: [T]he level of uncertainty in the available direct evidence at this time renders irreconcilable differences of opinion inevitable. It was as shocking as if a living T. rex had been found. Evidence of Dinosaurs at Angkor. Norske og internasjonale forskningsnyheter, Meninger, debatt og blogger skrevet av forskere. A Brief History of Steamboat Racing in the U.S. Texas-Born Italian Noble Evicted From Her 16th-Century Villa. However, the disease would have left the unfortunate herbivore vulnerable to predation. Video, On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, "We can see the insertions of muscles and tendons, and scars,", A sauropod thigh bone found at the same site in 2010 was 2.2m long and weighed 500 kilos, Shooting suspect was deported four times - US media, Met Gala 2023: Stars celebrate Karl Lagerfeld, Photo of Princess Charlotte shared as she turns 8, Yellen warns US could run out of cash in a month, King Charles to wear golden robes for Coronation, Disney faces countersuit in feud with Florida. With no signs of a break or a bite in the bone, the researchers have been left stumped as to how the infection started. The tumor (in yellow) was imaged in a CT scanner to allow the palaeontologists and doctors to have a detailed look at its internal structure Royal Ontario Museum/McMaster University. Likewise, simply because human fossils are missing in certain layers of rock does not mean they were not living at the time those rock layers were formed. But how long can that biological information survive? In 1952, they were seen swimming near the Comoro Islands in the Indian Ocean. The ancestors to both sauropods and tyrannosaurs may have looked something like this small bipedal animalMichael B. H./Wikimedia Commons. Notice shape, color and pattern. Although they wouldnt have lasted long and would have eventually perished, they might not fossilize (Hodge, 2006, p. 179). Your Privacy Rights They just disappear and nothing is left. Beth Shapiro, a palaeogenomicist at the University of California, Santa Cruz, says that ancient-DNA researchers ignore fragments shorter than 30 base pairs, since pieces of genetic material that tiny dont contain enough information to be accurately placed within a genome. Digging up dinosaurs is awesome, and I didnt want to stop. Even so, the study serves as a reminder that fossils can preserve microscopic structures and even traces of the molecules that made up an organisms cells, from pigments to proteins and more. The earths normal processes destroy or hide most of the clues (1998, p. xv, emp. It depends. He was deeply respected and dearly loved by family, friends, and Dinosaur Valley State Park: Stepping into the Flooded Past. The discovery was exceptional; it was indeed the first time fossilized parasites had been found in a dinosaur bone. Once youve followed the float to the source, you can begin your dig. The gnaw marks might have originated from animals preying on Roar after his death. Human remains discovered by a dog walker alongside a river earlier this year have been found to be more than 4,000 years old. Once they find bone, they work gently around it, knowing that it might be connected to other bones, or perhaps (if they are lucky) a whole skeleton. This is actually a world record because the bone is the world's deepest dinosaur find, says Hurum. They drilled through a dinosaur that we have managed to identify, says paleontologist Jrn Hurum. It was named Daemonosaurus, literally 'demon reptile', by Hans-Dieter Sues and colleagues in 2011, who believed it to be an early member of the carnivorous theropod dinosaurs, the group of dinosaurs that contain the more well-known Tyrannosaurus and Velociraptor. In this protected environment, bones and teeth may even last long enough to mineralize. What he found when he looked through his microscope were microfossils, fossilized microorganisms generally less than a millimeter in size. The pair of paleontologists had already made a fascinating discoverythat the dinosaur, which lived more than 80 million years ago during the Cretaceous period, had an acute bone infection called osteomyelitis. Researchers found the exceptionally preserved Hypacrosaurus cells within the supraoccipital, a bone that formed part of the back of its skull. 3D data from the scan showed how the tumour had spread through the dinosaur bone, indicating the animal had lived with the disease for some time. After all, they supposedly became extinct at the same time. Both the dinosaura small, long-necked titanosaur sauropod about sixteen feet from nose to tailand the 70 blood parasites found within the vascular channels of its bone are newly discovered species that have yet to be named or described. The oldest known dinosaurs appeared during the middle of the Triassic Period, roughly 230-240 million years ago. 3D data from the scan showed how the tumour had spread through the dinosaur bone, indicating the animal had lived with the disease for some time. A new paperby Sterling Nesbitt and Sues takes another look at the fossils assigned to Daemonosaurus and more accurately predicts where this unusual animal falls on the dinosaur family tree. For billions of years, DNA has served as lifes information molecule, containing instructions for how and when to build the proteins of living organisms. This is not true - and you can read more about that in this story: No, oil does not come from dinosaurs. So I guess that means I am addictedto dinosaur bones. Our new fossil attraction is named after Roar Lvviken, a local Oslo resident. Jones, Alvin T. (no date), The American Bison, http://www.texasbison.org/bisonstory.html. A wide spread myth about oil is that it's made up of dead dinosaurs. Russia troop deaths hit 20,000 in five months - US, AI chatbots 'may soon be more intelligent than us', France May Day protests leave dozens of police injured, 'My wife and six children joined Kenya starvation cult', On board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry. We would be crazy scientists if we left it there and did nothing, Bailleul says. The first dinosaur discovered was Megalosaurus, one of the theropod dinosaurs . Reader, John (1981), Whatever Happened to Zinjanthropus? New Scientist, 89:802, March 26. On December 24, 1938, the scientific world was rocked when an unidentified fish five feet long and over 100 pounds was brought to shore in South Africa. Snelling, Andrew (1991), Where are All the Human Fossils? Creation Ex Nihilo, 14[1]:28-33, December 1991-February 1992. Its hardly a dinner-table subject! Furthermore, in an article in the October 1990 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Peter Dodson of the University of Pennsylvania reported that almost half (45.3%) of all dinosaur genera are based on a single specimen, and 74% are represented by five specimens or less (87:7608). The bone and a model of the plateosaurus is exhibited at the Natural History Museum in Oslo. May 19, 2013. Because the bone was buried so deep, it would be very difficult to dig out the entire dinosaur, but at least we know that it's there, Bckman says. We thought we knew turtles. Still, many wonder why, at first glance, the fossil record seems not to substantiate creationists claims that dinosaurs and humans were contemporaries? There must be some explanation other than humans and dinosaurs really lived together. If evolutionists can confuse a dolphins rib for a human collarbone (Anderson, 1983, p. 199), or an extinct pigs tooth for a human tooth (e.g., Nebraska Man; see Harrub and Thompson, 2003, pp. The Alarming Truth About Headbanging Termites. When I looked at the photo my chin dropped all the way to the ground, says Ghilardi. Some 70 scientists are working this summer at the site buried deep in the vineyards of the Charente area, near the town of Cognac. The finds consist of a partial skull and jaw from an individual who lived between 140,000 and 120,000 years ago. Initial investigations showed similarities between it and the human tumour, with very thin bone covering the tumour sites. In the meantime, other valuable dinosaur fossils were found on the 27,000-acre Murray ranch, including a well-preserved triceratops skull and nearly complete adult T rex, which a Dutch museum . The twist is that dinosaur femurs are among the biggest bones excavated by paleontologists, and among the biggest bones in the history of life on earth: the specimens from some species of sauropods are about as tall as a full-grown human being. For the next decade, Bailleul worked with Horner, Schweitzer, and their colleagues to study the fossils, treating the endeavor as a long-term side project. It was found 2,256 meters below the seabed. All the bones were found in recent decades in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state. Im delighted to tell you about a very important upcoming creation conferenceand it isnt being hosted by ICR. It makes a mockery of evolutionary dating methods, provides further proof of the myths of missing links, and exposes their facts for what they really areunproven assumptions. Truthfully, although dinosaurs have captured the attention of scientists for more than 150 years, their fossilized remains are not as prevalent as many would think. Once you think youve got dinosaur bones, do the stick test. Excavation work began in the . Float mapping is a study in erosion and taphonomy (decay). Rather, we simply believe they are blinded by presuppositions that affect their judgment (even as many Christians are). We learn from living fossils that animals and plants can live long periods of time (allegedly millions of years) without leaving behind fossil evidence. Stunned, they then called on paleoparasitologist Carolina Nascimento, of So Carlos Federal University, to take a closer look. REPRODUCTION & DISCLAIMERS: We are happy to grant permission for this article to be reproduced in part or in its entirety, as long as our stipulations are observed. We know that they once coexisted, but can a person point to the fossil record for such information? I freaked out a little bitmoving away from the microscope, thinking, moving back to the microscope, she says. Part boulder, part myth, part treasure, one of Europes most enigmatic artifacts will return to the global stage May 6. Sauropods, common in the late Jurassic era, were among the largest land animals that ever existed. None of the other fossils found there had this type of damage, and initially she thought it might have been caused by one of the forms of bone cancer being investigated by other paleontologists. 2 hours of sleep? Simply because human fossils apparently have not been found with dinosaur fossils does not make the case for the coexistence of dinosaurs and humans any less credible. Second, it may be possible that human bones have been found by scientists alongside dinosaur fossils, yet simply have not been reported widely. As she looked at the thin sections under her microscope, Bailleul noticed little circular configurations in one nestlings supraoccipital bone, which formed part of the back of the skull. The most abundant protein on Earth is probably an enzyme (biological catalyst) called RuBisCO (or Rubisco) designed by the Creator to function in photosynthesis. It could give us a clue, she says, as to where to look for a cure.. A new study has found that the eggs of the earliest dinosaurs had soft shells. But during fossilisation, the bonds might help stabilise DNA for the long haul. We may occasionally include third-party content from our corporate partners and other museums. Curiously, this fact suggests dinosaurs healed . There, they were able to do a CT scan of the bone. Bailleul visited Schweitzers lab in Raleigh, North Carolina, and brought the samples for testing, double-checking their work with fresh emu tissue samples (in a different lab, to avoid contamination). They are not scattered all along the Great Plains today. It depends. Admittedly, I was once a young boy with a bedroom full of plastic dinosaurs and an obsession with beasts for which there was no zoo, and traveling to Montana turned me back into that very same kid, giddy with the thrill of hunting down any vague remnant of the prehistoric past. There is something in these cells that is chemically consistent with and responds like DNA.. This stone has a mysterious past beyond British coronations, Ultimate Italy: 14 ways to see the country in a new light, 6 unforgettable Italy hotels, from Lake Como to Rome, A taste of Rioja, from crispy croquettas to piquillo peppers, Trek through this stunning European wilderness, Land of the lemurs: the race to save Madagascar's sacred forests, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Discover more about this finding, as well as what the ancestors of sauropods and tyrannosaurs may have looked like with the Museum's team of dinosaur experts. Knowing how osteomyelitis affected pre-historic animals, like dinosaurs, and how it changed before infecting animals and humans today, could be the key to finding a way to combat it now. First, the researchers applied chemical stains to the fossils that bind to cartilage, which suggested that the developing bits of dinosaur skull had not yet hardened into bone when the animals died, as the team suspected. I also learned the seven fundamental steps behind finding dinosaur bones: 1. One year later, Lyall Watson similarly stated: The fossils that decorate our family tree are so scarce that there are still more scientists than specimens. Now you have to find out where they come from. We use them to improve our website and content, and to tailor our digital advertising on third-party platforms. You will be able to access your list from any article in Discover. by Brian Thomas, Ph.D., and Tim Clarey, Ph.D.* In a conversation with James Powell, president and director of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, renowned evolutionary paleoanthropologist Meave Leakey gave some insight into her frustrations in searching for hominid (or human) fossils when she described her nearly futile hunt for human bone in a new field area as four years of hard work producing only three nondescript scraps (see Powell, 1998, p. xv, emp. Horner studied the juveniles limb bones, but he also found some Hypacrosaurus skulls among the remains. To test the fossilised material, the researchers applied stains that bind to DNA in living cells to the bits of dinosaur skull. According to the United Nations Office of the Special Envoy for Tsunami Recovery, nearly 43,000 tsunami victims were never found (Hodge, p. 180). Roar was found in the Hell Creek Formation in South Dakota (United States), an area especially known for its richness of dinosaur fossils. In 1610, Galileo Galilei aimed his telescope at Jupiter and discovered the four largest of the planets 95 known moons. This means the discovery is not only a first for Norway but also for the world, marking the deepest dinosaur fossil ever discovered. Usually, pre-historic illnesses are diagnosed in fossils by the naked eye or simple x-rays. Natural History Museum (map) A 12-year-old boy made the discovery of his lifetime when he found a dinosaur skeleton dating back 69 million years. . Since 1938, more than 100 coelacanths have been caught and many more sighted (see Coelacanth). In 2014, the team got an unexpected confidence boost when a Swedish group announced that it had found a 180-million-year-old fern with fossilised nuclei and chromosomes. Osteomyelitis is a frequent concern during orthopedic surgery on humans. One recent study even found biomolecules in a fossil of Dickinsonia, a creature that lived over half a billion years ago, and used them to confirm that the organism was an animal rather than another form of life. Sept. 4, 2020 4:34 AM PT. The work has been published in the journal The Lancet Oncology. If one ever has been found with another, scientists could have misinterpreted the anomaly.. It is the first large herbivore, and the first dinosaur to specialise in eating plants that grew high up off the ground. Jrn Hurum works at the Natural History Museum. This research is still very much in its infancy, but the possibilities are absolutely thrilling if we suspend our disbelief, dig into the data, and continue to test and refine our ideas about molecular preservation in fossils, says David Evans, a palaeontologist at the Royal Ontario Museum who wasnt involved with the study. In 1947 a large bone bed containing the remains of the early dinosaur Coelophysis was discovered in New Mexico. Read the Norwegian version of this article on forskning.no. Now, finding dinosaur bones is hard work, and not as simple or quick as the movies might indicate, but just an hour after heading out from the Two Medicine Dinosaur Center, I had already spotted and correctly identified my first real dinosaur bone fragment.
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