The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. And that is the terrible truth of the story of Bloody Bill Anderson. Cox put Bloody Bills body on display in Richmond Missouri. Quantrill was also the oldest of twelve children, four of whom died in infancy. At least one source claims the second shot was from Captain Terrells Colt revolver. William Clarke Quantrill his life and times / by: Castel, Albert E. Published: (1999) Quantrill and the border wars. Considered guerillas and not recognized as legitimate soldiers, Quantrills men were denied the general amnesty offered to the Confederate army upon Lees surrender. Bloody Bills reign of terror came to an end on October 27, 1864, at Albany Missouri. He was very, very good to me. Missouri was known for the quality of its horses and the bushwackers always had better mounts than the indifferent nags and worn-out plow-horses sent to Union troops in a Civil War backwater like Missouri. The shirt indicated the relationship the wearer had with its creator, mother, wife, sister, or girlfriend and was a symbol of the important role women played in sustaining the guerrillas and nursing their wounds. In 1860, he joined a group of free-state activists, jayhawkers in Kansas, switching over later to lead a band of pro- Confederate guerrillas in Missouri to kill and maim Union soldiers and pro-North citizens. On his person was a letter from his wife with locks of hair belonging to her and their child, $600 in gold and greenbacks, $15 in Confederate script, a small Confederate flag presented to him by a friend, and Prices written order to Captain Anderson. There was also a silk cord to which Bill was said to add one knot for every man he killed by his own hands. Some, like the veterans attending the bushwacker reunions under Quantrills vacant gaze, managed to adjust to post-war life. Duffy, a member of a Michigan cavalry troop that had dealt with Quantrill's raiders during the Civil War, met Quantrill at Quatsino Sound, on northern Vancouver Island, while he was investigating timber rights in the area. Instant downloads of all 1725 LitChart PDFs With the end of the Civil War around the corner, the Union had driven the formal Confederate army presence from Missouri and was redirecting troops to hunt down the guerrilla bands still operating in the upper South. (including. One was led by his lieutenant, "Bloody Bill" Anderson, and Quantrill joined it briefly in the fall of 1864 during a fight north of the Missouri River. Although he doesnt talk much about it. . The James Brothers, needless to say, used the skills they acquired as bushwackers to become two of the most famous American outlaws in the post-war period. The police were unable to solve the murder. Once he and his men caught nine Union soldiers in a schoolhouse and killed them. In May 1863 the brothers discovered their family home was nothing more than charred ruins, courtesy of the Kansas Jayhawkers. Revolvers used in close provided overwhelming firepower in any clash with Union troops and the guerrillas carried as many as six each. Kansas Raiders is a 1950 Technicolor Western film distributed by Universal-International, directed by Ray Enright, and stars Audie Murphy, Brian Donlevy, Marguerite Chapman, and Scott Brady. When Mattie tells Rooster that LaBoeuf is a Texas Ranger, he simply makes fun of the man, disparaging his Texan vanity. When the Civil War erupted, pro-slavery guerilla warfare had already been going on for several years in "Bloody Kansas." He went onto to become a Confederate Captain in 1862. The group helped protect Missouri farmers from the Jayhawkers for pay and slept wherever they could find lodging. John Langford rests in peace near his Missouri farm and friends in a beautiful country cemetery south of Albany. American Confederate guerilla leader (18371865). Biographies Fueling this conflict was a dispute over whether Kansas should be a slave-holding state or not. He served the Confederacy and perhaps hoped to secure high rank and recognition from its leaders. It was Mayes who taught Quantrill guerrilla warfare tactics, the ambush fighting tactics used by the Native Americans, as well as camouflage and the tactic of the sneak attack. Clements was soon back to taking scalps and leading a band of as many as 100 men in a rampage of murder, arson, and robbery even as the Confederate Army collapsed elsewhere. He orchestrated a raid into Missouri to liberate some slaves. As the name Bushwacker implies, the main tactic of the guerrillas was the ambush, sudden attack followed by a quick withdrawal and dispersal on fast mounts into country best known to the guerrillas. William Clarke Quantrill and his Biographers", This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 23:19. He had moved from Georgia to the old Indian Territory in 1838. After killing their captives execution-style but shots to the head, the guerrillas brought out their Bowie knives and tomahawks and spent the coming hours in what a witness described as a carnival of blood, dismembering, scalping, mutilating and decapitating their near-naked victims. He always divided his pay with me. It would be this group of "scouts," under the command of a young officer of the worst imaginable reputation, that would hunt down William Quantrill and end his life. Quantrills guerrillas spent the 1863-64 winter with the Confederate Army in Texas. 130 pounds and five feet of perpetually grinning malevolence, Clements was once described as Bloody Bills chief devil. Clements family home had been burned down and his brother murdered by Union militia, leaving Archie with a thirst for Union blood. The Sharps were large bore single shot rifles with a reputation for long-range accuracy. These men went on to epitomize the lawlessness of the Wild West and their post-war violence has been both glorified and villainized in popular culture ever since. In May 1862, Bill and Jim took revenge on a man named Baxter who had killed their father in a dispute. Quantrill's most brutal attack came in 1863 when he led 450 guerillas on a raid on the Union stronghold of Lawrence, Kansas. The court awarded the men what was owed to them, but Quantrill paid only half of what the court had mandated. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. I have never belonged to the Confederate Army, nor do my men. That was in July 1864, before Anderson accepted the October 11, 1864, order from General Prices staff addressed to Captain Anderson. While he did little about the contents, Anderson still carried it with him at his death 16 days later. In late 1862, the Union ordered the imprisonment of all women known to be related to the guerrillas. Duffy said that Sharp admitted he was Quantrill and discussed in detail raids in Kansas and elsewhere. Instead of dismissing Anderson and his wild bushwackers, Price, desperate for support, issued a written order to Captain Anderson to destroy the North Mississippi Railroad. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. This included Henry Torrey and Harmon Beeson, two local men hoping to build a large farm for their families out west. The garrison commander did not appreciate their humor but added their names to the roles as required and ordered them out of town. Quantrill then joined a group of Missouri ruffians and became somewhat of a drifter. His other two sisters suffered crippling injuries and disfigurement. Privacy Policies, Heritage Post Quantrill is known for his violent ways, as he led his men in the infamous Lawrence Massacre of 1863, in which he and his men killed roughly 200 civilians. On June 6, 1865, some twenty-seven days after he was wounded, Quantrill died. Chapter 3 Quotes I said, "I have hopes that the marshals will get him soon. Complete all tasks in a timely manner, meaning as soon as possible. Some historians have suggested that Quantrill had actually planned to raid Lawrence before the building's collapse, in retaliation for earlier Jayhawker attacks[17][pageneeded] as well as the burning of Osceola, Missouri. When Todd died in 1864, Poole took over his command. And the ramifications would echo into the next century in a small town in northwest Missouri. Barton, OS: Three Years with Quantrill: A True Story Told by His Scout, John McCorkle, Norman, Oklahoma, 1914, Beilein, Joseph M. Jr.: Bushwackers: Guerrilla Warfare, Manhood, and the Household in Civil War Missouri, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio, 2016, Brownlee, Richard S.: Gray Ghosts of the Confederacy: Guerrilla Warfare in the West, 1861-1865, Castel, Albert: William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times, New York, 1962, Castel, Albert: General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West, Baton Rouge, 1968. morning, April 9th of tuberculosis of the bone, lamented yet another article in the The Albany Ledger, on Friday, April 15, 1910. Struggling with distance learning? The Centralia battlefield was excavated by archeologists, who published their report in 2008. Mayes enlisted and served as a private in Company A of the 1st Cherokee Regiment in the Confederate army. In the Fall of 1862, Bill and Jim ran afoul of guerrilla leader William Quantrill, who took their horses as punishment for robbing Southern sympathizers as well as pro-Unionists. Of the Jayhawkers who had burned and murdered their way through Missouri without ever confronting the Confederate guerrillas, Dr. Charles Jennison was court-martialled in 1865 for looting western Missouri, while Jim Lane, who had narrowly avoided death in the Lawrence raid, shot himself in the head a year after the war ended. [27] The historian Matthew Christopher Hulbert argues that Quantrill "ruled the bushwhacker pantheon" established by ex-Confederate officer and propagandist John Newman Edwards in the 1870s to provide Missouri with its own "irregular Lost Cause". Lacking any real authority from the Confederate Army, Bushwacker chieftains relied on respect, charisma, courage, and ferocity to hold their commands. Trending. With perhaps a bit of trepidation still in his heart, he delayed releasing much information locally except to family and close friends. Contact between Langford and Quantrills mother was handled by W. W. Scott, one of Quantrills boyhood friends. A further order forcing the conscription of all able-bodied men into Union militias convinced many young men in Missouri to join the guerrillas instead. Martin Kelly. Langford, in pursuit, made his selection. While Langford had the distinction of shooting Quantrill, the notorious guerrilla leader, he was never boastful, the newspaper eulogized. In their initial formation, Quantrill's Raiders were nothing more than a collection of pro-Confederate men who fought Union sympathizers in Missouri and Kansas, both of which were (more or less) under control of the Union at the time. 2023 Missouri Life Magazine. Listen carefully to instructions and never expect to be told anything a second time. Clements was only 21-years-old when he died on December 13, 1866. In 1858, he moved to Utah where he was a gambler. William Quantrill was a pro-slavery guerilla leader during the Civil War. Quantrill's father earned a living as a coppersmith. In reply to one of Scotts letters, Langford wrote, Col. Accused of having lost his sand, Quantrill took a small nucleus of about forty loyal bushwhackers and headed east toward Kentucky. The guerrillas did not have access to Confederate uniforms, but in any case preferred to wear captured Union uniforms, which allowed them to confuse Union pickets and get close to their enemy, where their rapid-firing revolvers made the difference against muzzle-loading rifled muskets. William Quantrill Quotes Free Daily Quotes . Largely relieved from having to pursue guerrillas by Prices choice to attach them to his force, Union troops were able to concentrate in a force much stronger than Prices at Westport. I lived in Kansas when this war commenced. Complete your free account to request a guide. At the wars end, many of the guerrillas surrendered after receiving assurances they would not be hanged by the army but would still be subject to civil prosecution. Rita Skeeter used a long, acid green Quick-Quotes Quill when interviewing people for the Daily Prophet. ), 1995, Sutherland, Daniel E.: A Savage Conflict: The Decisive Role of Guerrillas in the American Civil War, Chapel Hill N.C., 2009, Thomas D. Thiessen, Douglas D. Scott and Steven J. Dasovich: This Work of Fiends: Historical and Archaeological Perspectives on the Confederate Guerrilla Actions at Centralia, Missouri, September 27, 1864, Lincoln Nebraska, March 2008, https://www.scribd.com/doc/267011623/doug-scott-report?secret_password=JA9mGQDVbs3Yvzd6ENoX#fullscreen&from_embed, Wood, Larry: The Civil War Story of Bloody Bill Anderson, Fort Worth, Texas, 2003, Younger, Thomas Coleman: The Story of Cole Younger by Himself, Provo Utah, 1903, CREDIT: Andrew McGregor https://www.aberfoylesecurity.com, Age of Discovery He received medical attention in towns along the way when available. Both Baxter and his 16-year-old brother-in-law were wounded by the Andersons, who then locked them in the cellar of their house and set it on fire. Another of Anderson's sisters, Mary, was permanently crippled in the collapse. Most of the early settlers who established homes, farms, and businesses in the northwest Missouri frontier were of Southern origin, hailing from states such as Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia. William Clarke Quantrill (July 31, 1837 - June 6, 1865), was a Confederate guerrilla leader during the American Civil War. These rarely agree in detail and are usually colored by the perceived legal, political, or personal need for the veteran to present his story in a certain fashion, resulting in a variety of contradictory accounts. Age of Discovery Refine any search. A squad of militiamen was sent to arrest him, but Clements burst out of the saloon firing furiously. William Quantrill Quick Facts Significance: Canal Dover, OH July 31, 1837 Place Of Death: Louisville, KY Date Of Death: June 6, 1865 Place Of Burial: Louisville, KY Cemetery Name: St. John's Catholic Cemetery William Clark Quantrill was born in 1837 in Ohio, where he was raised and taught school. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Anderson simply replied: Oh, string him up. Quantrills last battle occurred in a pasture and wooded draw and barn lot near Taylorville in Spencer County, Kentucky, on May 10, 1865. Unable to escape on account of a skittish horse, he was shot in the back and paralyzed from the chest down. It was also the home of James H. Lane, a senator known in Missouri for his staunch opposition to slavery and as a leader of the Jayhawkers. Because I would not fight the people of Missouri, my native State, the Yankees sought my life but failed to get me. He spent most of his youth in Tuscarawas County, Ohio. "I have lapped filthy water from a hoofprint and was glad to have it," he brags, and Rooster makes fun of him for the comment, saying that all Texans claim they've drunk from a hoofprint. Two days later, Terrell returned, having concluded that the wounded man was Quantrill. [citation needed]. 2. As a result, Todd became a captain and Anderson a lieutenant, but these ranks existed only within the unit and do not appear to have ever been commissioned officially by the CSA. Lets have a look at some of his allies and lieutenants, keeping in mind the very fluid organization and command structure of the guerrilla bands. General Jo Shelby, a Missourian and one of the Confederacys best fighting generals, held a low opinion of the guerrillas: They are Confederate soldiers in nothing save the name No organization, no concentration, no discipline, no law, no anything. Bloody Bill even denied the name part, stating: I am a guerrilla. Happy to read and share the best inspirational William Clarke Quantrill quotes, sayings and quotations on Wise Famous Quotes. Clements opened fire on them and the rest of the bushwackers joined in. Although they mistrusted the 19-year-old William, his mother's pleadings persuaded them to let her son accompany them in an effort to get him to turn his life around. Related Topics. .state-topmenu { color: #000; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; text-transform: uppercase; word-spacing: 7px; z-index: 999999; }, AboutPublicationsLibrary Archives amhpo.com. Little is known of Quantrill's journey out west except that he excelled at the game of poker. Many were illiterate farm boys who followed whoever could provide them with revenge, adventure, whiskey, and loot. The confidence of the men in their leader was slipping; many suspected that as a Northerner, Quantrill fought for no principles, just self-serving purposes of gathering plunder and increasing military rank. Here we have teen-aged Archie Clements. Most of the bands now consisted of reckless and ruthless teenagers with lots of violent energy but little judgment. Union counter-measures included the death penalty for interfering with the railroads. Battles & Tribes, American Revolution I suggest you fortify yours if you hope to be of any use to us. The True Grit quotes below are all either spoken by William Quantrill or refer to William Quantrill. With the war over, Clements began hanging out in Lexington saloons with Dave Poole, who was now robbing banks. He was a conscientious, unassuming man, and was not one to try to perpetuate a fraud on the public. Quantrill captured the military outpost and tried forcing the men to swear an oath to the Confederacy. Lailah Gifty Akita These aren't accidents. The Navy Colt was lighter than the Army Colt and thus preferable to men trying to carry as many as three to six at a time, which provided them with enormous firepower in battle. Their favorite long-arm was the breech-loading 1859 Sharps rifle, easy to handle on horseback, especially in its carbine version. He led a charge expecting results similar to those at Centralia, but the veteran Union troops laid down a withering fire that brought the charge to a halt at 100 yards distance. Crocker until his death in 1917. Archives, A nation which does not remember what it was yesterday does not know where it is today., The Heritage Post -Preserving American History, Columbus: Sailor, Mariner, Providential Pathfinder, Letter from SC Commissioners to President Buchanan Asking Him to Withdraw Federal Troops from Charleston Harbor, 28 December 1860, https://www.scribd.com/doc/267011623/doug-scott-report?secret_password=JA9mGQDVbs3Yvzd6ENoX#fullscreen&from_embed. Scott was a personal friend of Quantrells [sic]. The letters Scott wrote to Langford were dated in the 1890s, as Scott collected facts for a book on Quantrill. William Quantrill The nonfictional leader of a pro-Confederate group of men who tore through Kansas and Missouri fighting Union soldiers and sympathizers. Authorities briefly arrested him, but Quantrill claimed that he had acted in self-defense. He arrived at the prison hospital on May 13, 1865. Quotes. Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses Grant on April 9, and General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered most of the rest of the Confederate Army to General Sherman on April 26. All were killed, save one sergeant, who spent several unhappy weeks as Andersons prisoner, the only one Bloody Bill was ever known to have taken. Instant PDF downloads. The final death toll was three guerrillas to at least 116 Union dead. They were glad to see Quantrill, Todd, and Anderson head back north to Missouri in March 1864. Lieutenant Colonel Samuel P. Cox had been assigned the task of eliminating Anderson. American Revolution Following the old adage, It takes a thief to catch a thief, federal authorities commissioned Union Captain Edwin Terrell, a leader of federal guerrillas in Spencer County, Kentucky, to hunt down the handful of men still in Quantrills band. Cooking was done only at night to avoid the smoke being seen and riders would enter or leave individually, each taking a different route and then reuniting at a pre-planned location. Lane, a prime target of the raid, managed to escape through a cornfield in his nightshirt, but the guerrillas, on Quantrill's orders, killed around 150 men and boys who were able to carry a rifle. Quantrill joined the Confederate army and fought in the Battle of Wilsons Creek near Springfield in 1861, the first major battle of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the Civil War. He is a quiet, unassuming gentleman, and it was with some difficulty that we gained his consent to relate the incidents of the much-discussed event.. As Anderson launched a furious charge, the Union volley went high. Duffy claimed to recognize the man, living under the name of John Sharp, as Quantrill. Why, he sent me money all the time he was away from home, even when he was a Confederate soldier. For the mostly teenage gunmen of Missouri, the war was more a matter of personal rebellion than political rebellion. As the foregoing ballad suggests there were those who regarded Quantrill as a hero and the burning of Lawrence as a good thing. Discipline was light but failure to turn up for an operation could mean death. However, as details of the Lawrence massacre seeped in, Quantrill and his unruly gang were increasingly treated with disdain by the CSA officers. 5. Loved and respected by his men; hated and feared by his enemies; adored by the young Southern women who he met, and befriended by those who sought justice and protection: this was William Clarke Quantrill. An earlier letter penned by Langford to Scott on September 8, 1888, from Clarinda, Iowa, is now in the possession of The Filson Historical Society and University of Kentucky Libraries, providing an eyewitness sketch of the last battle of William Clarke Quantrill. 11 (not to be confused with General Ulysses S. Grant's order of the same name). Baxter shot himself in the head to escape death in the flames, and the boy escaped through a window but soon died from his terrible injuries. William Quantrill Quotes & Sayings . Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. The way the content is organized. As with any larger-than-life historical figure, Quantrills story proves difficult, perhaps impossible, to determine where fact ends and legend begins. The rest of his body was dragged through the streets. Compared to most soldiers, renegades, and border ruffians with whom he fought, Langfords life was long and fruitful, full of his family and friends. One of these men was Bloody Bill. Quantrill, in the company of Mayes and the Cherokee Nations, joined with General Sterling Price and fought at the Battle of Wilson's Creek and Lexington in August and September 1861. Quantrill's raiders later added about 50 more men at the "Massey Creek rendezvous" in western Cass County. Terrell provided wagon transportation to a military hospital and prison in Louisville. Nevertheless, the police strongly urged him to leave Mendota. In one of the war's great atrocities, Quantrill and his men burned. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. This is the truth behind the man and the soldier. "[8], In 1861, Quantrill went to Texas with the slaveholder Marcus Gill. When Quantrill executed one of Andersons men for robbing and murdering a farmer, that was the last straw for Bloody Bill. He is depicted in Robert Schenkkan's series of one-act plays, Quantrill's Lawrence Massacre of 1863 is depicted in. At the other end of the clearing were Andersons men, waiting by their horses. Here we can see posters from some of these highly fictional films, Quantrills Raiders, Kansas Raiders, The Bushwackers, and The Outlaw Josey Wales, in which the 24-year-old Anderson was played by the 55-year-old John Russell. Quantrill's mother had to turn her home into a boarding house in order to survive. The Ledger in yet another article on Friday, November 1, 1907, reported, Monday, Mr. Langford brought this office a batch of letters from W.W. Scott, of Canal Dover, Ohio, where Quantrells [sic] mother resided until her death and where the guerrilla was born and raised.
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